Phosphoramidate derivatives

ABSTRACT

Phosphoramidates of triazoles, such as 1,2,4 triazoles, effective as load-carrying agents, corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants increase the stability of lubricant compositions.

Lintzenich ts Patent [191 1 June 24, 1975 PHOSPHORAMIDATE DERIVATIVES 75 Inventor: Vincent (2. Lintunich, Coilinsville, 1 Refmnm CM III. 7 UNITED STATES PATENTS Assigneg; H uson Tex. 3,270,093 8/1966 Gradslicn 260/937 [22] Filed: Aug. 15, I974 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS I,252.904 l2/I960 France 260/308 [21] Appl. No.. 497,778 2.206.933 8/1972 Germany 260/308 Related US. Application Data [60] Division of Sci. No. 25I,624. May 9. 1972. Pat. No. Primary Examiner-Alton Rollins 3.846.317. and a continuation-in-part of Scr. No. ey. g or -Leo d P- l Henry Ii5.868, Feb. I6. I971. abandoned. and a C. Geller continuation-impart of Scr. No. 803.078, Feb. 27. I969. abandoned. and a continuation-in-part of Scr. No. 200.2I7. Nov. 18. I971. abandoned, which is a [57] ABSTRACT continuation-in-part of Scr. No. 66.606. Aug. 24. Phosphoramidates of triazoles. such as 1.2.4 triazoles. I970. abandoned. effective as load-carrying agents, corrosion inhibitors. antioxidants increase the stability of lubricant [52] US. Cl. 260/308 R; 260/937 compositions. [SI] Int. Cl C07d 105/04 581 Field of Search 260/308 R 6 Claims Drawings 1 PHOSPHORAMIDATE DERIVATIVES CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This is a division of application Ser. No. 251,624, filed May 9, 1972 now U.S. PatQNo. 3,846,317. Said Ser. No. 251,624 is a continuation-inpart of applicants copending application Ser. No. 115,868, filed Feb. 16, 1971, now abandoned said copending application being a continuation-in-part of applicant's applica tion Ser. No. 803,078, filed Feb. 27, 1969, now abandoned; and a continuation-in-part of applicant's copending application Ser. No. 200,2l7, filed Nov. 18, 197i, now abandoned which is a continuation-in-part of applicants application Ser. No. 66,606, filed Aug. 24, 1970, now abandoned, the latter application being a division of said Ser. No. 803,078.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Lubricating oils which are employed in high speed engines, particularly in gas-turbine engines, must be able to withstand extreme temperature and pressure variations, must be oxidation resistant, and must also be effective in controlling corrosion which would oth- SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has now been found that a novel class of phosphorus containing triazole derivatives, i.e., phosphorinaneamino-triazole derivatives, impart not only good loadcarrying characteristics to lubricant compositions, but also are effective in inhibiting corrosion and improving the antioxidant properties and stability of the oil. This class of novel compounds can be represented by the general formula wherein R, and R, are H or alkyl, X is a heterocyclic group containing two or more nitrogen atoms in which the phosphorus atom is attached to a ring nitrogen adjacent to another ring nitrogen, and Y i collected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur.

The invention therefore relates to a novel class of additives and to lubricant compositions containing such compounds. More particularly, it relates to phosphorinane'amino-triazole derivatives which are effective in improving the load-carrying capacity and the anticorrosion, antioxidant, and stability characteristics of mineral and synthetic lubricating oils. These pre- .an alkyl substituted 2 ferred derivatives may be represented by the following formula compounds wherein R, is hydrogen and R, and R, are

alike or different C, alkyl groups. However, the compounds in which R, and R, are methyl and R, is hydrogen have been found to be especially advantageous in the composition of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Generally any heterocyclic compound such as substituted or unsubstituted imidazoles, pyrazoles, triazoles and the like which contain an amino group substituted on the heterocyclic ring can be reacted with a 1,3-dioxa-2-oxo-2-chlorophosphorinane to form the compounds of the invention. Amino triazoles are a preferred class of reactants of this type, especially triazoles having nitrogen atoms in the 1,2,4 positions. Thus a highly suitable class of compounds are those in which X is a 1,2,4-triaz'ole and R, and R, are alkyl groups.

The novel compounds of the invention may be conveniently prepared by reacting equimolar quantities of 1,3-dioxa-2-oxo-2-chlorophosphorin'ane or an alkyl substituted l,3 dioxa-2-thiono-2- chlorophosphorinane with a substituted or unsubstituted 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. Preferred substituted triazoles are those substituted in the 5 position. Examples of such triazoles are B-amino-l ,2,4-triazole, 3-amino-5- pentyl-l ,2,4-triazole, 3-amino-5-heptyl-l ,2,4-triazole, 3-amino-5-(4-isopropylphenyl )-l ,2,4-triazole, 3- amino-5-pyridyl1,2,4-triazole, 3-amino-5-anilido- 1,2,4-triazole, 3-amino-5-methyll ,2,4-triazo1e, 3 amino-5-(p-tert-butylphenyl)l,2,4-triazole, 3-amino- 5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole and the like.

Suitable oxoor thiono-phosphorinanes may be prepared by reacting a 1,3-alkanediol with phosphorus oxychloride or thiophospholryl chloride in the presence of a hydrogen halide sequestering agent. Examples of suitable 1,3-alkanediols include 1,3-propanediol, 2,2- dimethyl-1,3-propanediol. 2,2-diethyl-l ,3-propanediol, 2-butyl-2-ethyI-1,3-propanediol, 2-butyl-2-methyl-l ,3 propanediol, 2,2-dioctyl-l,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-2- octadecyl-l ,3-propanediol, 2-octadecyl-l ,3- propanediol and the like. Suitable sequestering agents include various pyridines and tertiary amines such as triethylamine.

Further details concerning the method of preparation of these compounds are given in the examples.

The novel additives of this invention may be dissolved or dispersed in either mineral or synthetic lubri- 3 eating oils in minor amounts of from 0.01 percent to about 3 percent, preferably from 0.l to about i percent by composition weight. These compounds have been found to be extremely useful in synthetic oils which are often used under severe conditions where the advantages of these additives become more pronounced.

Synthetic lubricants suitable for the invention are of various types, such as aliphatic esters, siiicones, polyalkylene oxides, polyphenyl ethers, fluorinated hydrocarbons, polyolefins, and phosphate esters.

Examples of silicones include methyl silicone, methylphenyl silicone, methylchlorophenyl silicone, etc. Examples of polyalkylene oxides are polyisopropylene oxide, polyisopropylene oxide dlether, and polylsopropylene oxide diester. Fluorinated hydrocarbons include fluorinated oils and perfluorinated hydrocarbons. Preferrcd synthetic lubricant base stocks are esters of alcocorrosion inhibitors; anti-rust agents and the like can hols having I to 20, especially 4 to l2, carbon atoms and aliphatic carboxylic acids having from 3 to 20. especially 4 to 12, carbon atoms.

Particularly suitable ester oils are diisooctyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate and mixtures thereof. Other preferred esters for use as base stocks in the present invention are esters of monocarboxylic acids having 3 to 12 carbons and polyalcohols, such as pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and trimethylolpropane. Pentaerythrityl and dipentaerythrityl esters of mixtures of C acids are particularly suitable base oils for the compositions of the invention. Preparation of these esters is described in Eichemeyer, U.S. Pat. No. 3,038,859, issued June l2, i962, and Young, U.S. Pat. No. 3,l2l,l09, issued Feb. ll, i964.

in addition to the aforementioned synthetic oils, the additives of this invention may also be incorporated in mineral lubricating oils. The mineral lubricating oil can be obtained from paraffinic, naphthenic, asphaltic or mixed base crudes and/or mixtures thereof, for example, neutral oils having viscosities of from l to 6500 SSU at 100F.

Other additives can be incorporated into the lubricatbe used.

The following examples are: illustrative of the novel compositions of the invention and their manner of preparation and use.

EXAMPLE I Compound A 3 2 H 0 O C :s N a c c i i "3 N CH stirring was continued for two hours after which the solvent was removed by letting the reaction mixture 40 stand overnight in vacuo.

The foregoing reactions are represented by the following equations:

ca e ca, a c cn Emmi 4- iiClT lwlii'l Z-(S-aminol ,2,4-triazoll -yl)-5,S-dimethyl-Z-thionol ,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane This compound was synthesized according to the procedure outlined for preparing Compound A, except that thiophosphoryl chloride was used in place of phosphorus oxychloride to prepare the chloro-phosphorinane reactant.

Anal. Calcd. for C,H, PN,O,S: P, l2.5; N, 22.6; S,

l2.9. Found: P, 12.8; N, 22.4; S, 12.6; m.p. l75-l77C.

CompoundC lsil H C i. .c,, c c-O P o \u ll C c-o i i H) H17C8\ "17 8 2-( S-amino-l ,2,4-triazoll -yl)-5,5-diethyl-2-oxo-l ,3 ,2- dioxaphosphorinane This compound was prepared according to the procedure outlined for preparing Compound A, except that 2,2-diethyl-l,3-propanediol was used in place of 2,2- dimethyl-l -3-propanediol.

Compound D I \N H C /C-0 p/// .l

C\ 11---- H wscs/ g 2-( S-aminol ,2,4-.triazoll -yl )-5-methyl-5-octadecyl-2- thionol ,3 ,Z-dioxaphosphorinane This compound was prepared according to the procedure outlined for preparing Compound A, except that 2-methyl-2-octadecyl-l ,3propanediol was used in place of 2,2-dimethyl-l,3-propanediol and thiophosphoryl chloride inthe presence of triethylamine sequestering agent was used in place of phosphorus oxychloride to prepare th chloro-phosphorinane reactant.

Compound E 2-( S-aminol ,2,4-triazoll -yl )-5-octadecyl-2-thionol,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane Thiscompound was prepared according to the procedure outlined for preparing Compound D, except that Z-octadecyl-l,3-propanediol was used in place of 2- methyl-Z-octadecyl-l .B-propanediol.

Further illustrative compounds which can be prepared cmploying the methods outlined, and which are suitable for use in the compositions of the invention are:

Compound F 2-(5-amino-3-phenyl-l ,2,4-triazol- I -yl)-5-ethyl-5- l5 butyl-Z-oxo-l,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane Compound 0 H2 S C 0/6 0 P/ \H 2-[ 5-amino-3-(4-isopropylphenyl l ,2 ,4-triazoll -yl 1- 5.5-dioctyl-2-thiono-l .3 ,2-dioxaphosphorinane CompoundH 3O NR o H c 3 c P--N N H C C 0/ I I 4o 2-(5-amino-3-heptyl-l ,2,4-triazoll -yl )-5,5-dimethyl- 2-oxo-l ,3,2-dioxaphospho rinane Compoundl NH H 2 s ---o H5 2 C /C\N H \c 0 i I 904 N CH 2-(5-amino-l ,2,4-triazoll -yl)-5-ethyl-5-butyl-2- thiono-l ,3 ,2-dioxaphosphorinane EXAMPLE II complete description of this test is given in ASTM Bulletin No. 184, p. 41, September i952. Test results are shown in Table l.

Table 1 EXAMPLE IV RydcrGcarTcs I A further indication of the stability of the composi- Aura-8c trons of the invention was obtained by sub ecting sam- Composilion Ratin ples of Compositions l and 2 to the Alcor High Temperature Deposition Test. Basically this test involves Oil x" 5 circulation of aerated oil over a heated deposition tube. g i yty 8': r 8 Compound 2 The temperature of the tube is controlled at 525F on mp0s p w Compound 8) 3260 the inlet side and reaches 650 to 700F at the outlet Oil Y' l700 10 end of the tube. The temperation profile of the tube is 3 Y A) measured at the start shortly before the end of the test. Composition 4 (Oil x plus 0.2%w Compound D) 3070 These temperature profiles and the tube deposits per unit length are used to determine the performance of 'OilX-Et l dd h'll 2r mine .ni3;;"flilfi,li. tfiim;.fii;f 0 the oil. The critical temperature is that temperature at OilY-Diiaooctylanddiiiiodecyladipatea.plus2l-wp.p-di-t-oeiyl-diphcnylamine. which deposits begin to significantly affect the heat new N-bcnzyl-J,7-diociylphenolhiatine. tom-u vlnyl-pyrrulidone-methacrylate transfer characteristics f h il A temperature of copolymer. and (Hh/ quinilarin. o

above 600 F is considered to be very satisfactory. The overall deposit rating is obtained from a combination of the visual-deposit rating of the tube, the tube deposit EXAMPLE weight and the filter deposit weight. An overall rating ln order to determine the antioxidation and anticorof less than 50 is considered very good, a rating of rosion properties of the compositions of Example ll, a below I5 is considered exceptional. A detailed descripseries of corrosion and oxidation stability tests were run lion Of hi le t is given in "Proceedings of the USAF- i accordance i h ili specification Southwest liesearch Institute Turbine Lubrication 23699A. Results of these tests are presented in Tables confcrencep U i soulhwesl Rev-arch H and m Institute, San Antonio, Texas, pg. I52. Test results are shown in Table IV. Table ll Corrosiohrzlalprlidoxidation Stability, 400F. 72 Hours Table IV COHO- Alcor High Temperature Deposition Test 23699A sion. p m 8 compo Composition l Composition 2 cation I Composisition Critical temperature. 'F 650 640 Limits Oil X tion I 2 Tube deposits. mg 4.8 l4.6 Magnesium 10.2 max -2.s3 +0.03 +0.0i 0mm Copper 10.4 max -l.89 0.09 0.l2 lron 120.2 max 0,0l -0.0l 0.0l Aluminum 2:0.2 max -0.0l -0.0l 0.00 Silver 10.2 max 0.05 0.02 0.09 EXAMPLE V To further illustrate the load-carrying or extreme Table lll C I C 40 pressure (EP) capabilities of the additives of the invenorrosion orrosion ti and mid-ion d olidmon on the following compositions identified as Composi Stability smbimy tions 5 through 8 were formulated as in Table V and C 42} hours i C 7; hours sub ected to the Shell Four-Ball Wear Test. Test results "lg/cm fl f "e are shown in Table Vl.

Table V Composition, law Component 5 6 7 8 Oil Z HVl l00N (Viscosity approximately I00 SSU n iOO'F) 90%w 90%: 88%w 88%w (Acryloid 983) 9%w 9%w 4%w 4%w 4,4'-methylene-bis(2.6 di-tbutyl phenol) 1%w l%w lkw lkw Polymeric Vl improver 7%w 7%: Additive l%w of 0.2%w of Com- Compound pound 23699: C 0 Com Compo- Speci iompositig: sition cation sitiaon Table V] l 2 Llmm Four-Ball Wear Test" Magnesium 0.02 0.02 110.2 max +0.01 Composition Scar Diameter. mm Copper -0. l 7 -0.2l 111.4 max 0.02 Iron -0.02 -0.0l 2910.2 max 0.0l 5 0.320 Aluminum 0.00 +0.0l 10.2 max 0.00 6 .7 l Silver 0.02 -0.05 20.2 max -0.05 g

Table VI Continued Four-Ball Wear Test Composition Scar Diameter. mm

Speed 600 r m Temperature 200' Time 2 hours Balls W'diamctcr steel '40 Kg load According to the lnvc ntlon EXAMPLE Vl To particularly test the corrosivity of the inventive compositions with respect to lead, a lead corrosion test (described below) was conducted. Test results are as shown in Table VII.

The lead Corrosion (LC) Test consists of the addition of cleaned and weighed lead coils to a sample of oil, which is then placed in the Micro Air Oxidation Test (MAOT) apparatus at 325F. The MAOT is ordinarily used to measure the oxidation stability of oils. A vessel containing 20g of sample is placed in a constant temperature bath. The vessel is fitted with a condenser and a fritted bubbler tube. Clean dry air is bubbled through the oil at a constant flow rate of 30 ml/min. After passage through the oil sample, the air steam is directed through a Beckman oxygen analyzer. This device senses the amount of oxygen present in the air stream, thereby providing a measure of the oxygen absorbed by the oil sample. The use of the MAOT apparatus makes it possible to examine simultaneously the oxidation stability and corrosivity of the oil. After five hours, the wire coils are removed, washed with benzene and methanol, wiped free of deposits and weighed. The data appear to be reproducible within :2 mg.

According to the invention The results clearly demonstrate the resistance of the instant compositions to lead corrosion.

The foregoing test results clearly establish that phosphorinanetriazole derivatives are extremely suitable lubricating oil additives. The data presented in Table l and Table Vl indicate that the addition of small amounts of the phosphorus containing triazoles improves the load-carrying capacity of the base oil by over 760 lbs/in in Compositions i and 2, ll 15 lbs/in in Composition 3 and S70 lbs/in in Composition 4. in addition these additives are also excellent corrosion inhibitors and antioxidants as evidenced by the test results presented in Tables ll, ill and Vli. Compositions l and 2 are shown to easily meet the very restrictive corrosion requirements of military specification MIL- L-23699A. The exceptional performance of these com positions in the Alcor High Temperature Deposition Test as shown in Table W, is indicative of their inherent stability in a severe environment. Additionally, the performance of Compositions 6 and 8 in the Four Ball Test and Composition 6 in the LC Test demonstrates the load-carrying and anti-corrosion characteristics of these compositions in mineral oils.

The phosphorinane-triazole containing compositions of the invention therefore represent a class of lubri cants which not only possess an excellent load-carrying capacity, but also have excellent anti-corrosion and oxidation properties and good high temperature stability.

Other disclosed compositions give equivalent, although not identical, results.

i claim as my invention:

A l. A compound having the formula wherein R, and R, are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C alkyl groups, R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl. aryl and alkaryl, said alkyi, aryl and alkaryl groups having from i to l2 carbon atoms, and Y is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur.

2. The compound of claim 1 wherein R, and R, are C,.,, alkyl groups.

3. The compound of claim 2 wherein R, is hydrogen and R, and R, are C .alkyl groups.

4. The compound of claim 3 wherein R, and R, are methyl groups.

5. The compound of claim 4 wherein Y is oxygen.

6. The compound of claim 4 wherein Y is sulfur.

is is e e e 

1. A COMPOUND HAVING THE FORMULA
 2. The compound of claim 1 wherein R1 and R2 are C1-8 alkyl groups.
 3. The compound of claim 2 wherein R3 is hydrogen and R1 and R2 are C1-4 alkyl groups.
 4. The compound of claim 3 wherein R1 and R2 are methyl groups.
 5. The compound of claim 4 wherein Y is oxygen.
 6. The compound of claim 4 wherein Y is sulfur. 